Image analyses of particle

Image analyses of particle size and shape is necessary for understanding the interactions between particles from various water sources and advanced-oxidation and particle-separation processes. In a recent study, the influence of effluent particles on ozone degradation of trace organic contaminants and effluent-quality parameters. Secondary effluent was filtered through different pore-size filters and ozonated by various ozone doses. Degradation of both ozone-reactive and ozone-refractory contaminants improved following ozonation of effluent filtered with smaller-pore-size filters, indicating that particles in this range may adversely affect ozonation. The inhibitory effect of particles was attributed to their reaction with ozone, reducing available ozone and HO• radicals. Ozone was shown to react with particles even during the first seconds of the process, suggesting a high rate of some ozone–particle reactions, comparable to ozone reaction with highly reactive dissolved organic matter moieties. Particle image analysis revealed that particle formation/aggregation and particle disintegration may occur simultaneously during wastewater ozonation. Thus particles could affect the efficiency of wastewater ozonation.

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